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C. E. JACOT.

Watch.

No. 25,364. Patented Sept. v6, i859.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

C. E. JACOT, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO SLTZB'IAN JACOT & CO., OFSAME PLACE.

WATCH.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 25,364, dated September 6, 1859.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. Jacor, of the city and State of New York,United States, now temporarily in Ohaun de Fonds, Canton of Neuchatel,Switzerland, have invented, made, and applied to use certain new anduseful Improvements in Vatches; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description of the constructionand operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing,making part of this siiiecitication, wherein- Figure l. is a. plan ofthe back or caliber' of a watch with my improvements; and Fig. 2. is avertical section showing the manner of securing the three quarter plateto the dial plate.

Similar marks of reference apply to the same parts.

In constructing` watches it is usual in some instances to use what istermed a three quarter plate attached to the dial plate by columnspassing through and riveted to said dial plate and retained by crosspins or sometimes with screws with a very thin head, in both instancesthe said plate is not firmly held in place for the want of strength, andif the center wheel of the watch has to be removed the face has first tobe taken off and then the three quarter plate removed from the springbarrel and train of wheels involving much extra work both in taking thewatch apart and putting it together, also the click and ratchet inordinary three quarter plate watches are generally defective by theirwant of strength and in the way they are secured to the plate very oftenbreaking either the click or the ratchet merely by the single pressureof the main spring, but more readily so when it happens that the personwho winds the watch turns with the hand the wrong way.

The nature of my said improvements consist in the manner of constructingsaid three quarter plate so that it forms a bridge receiving the center,second and third wheels in such a manner that access is furnished to thecenter second and third wheels and pinions without disturbing the barreland at the same time the wheels and pinions are exposed so that they canbe easily inspected, and the said bridge also serves for receiving theindex for the regulator providing a longer leverage for said regulatorand a greater range of index than in those watches where the index is atthe bracket of the balance, also in the mode of constructing the ratchetwork of the main spring, which by the circular form of the click springand .being boxed up in and between the plates renders it more secure,preventing its breaking or damaging the ratchet teeth, as is the casewhen the click spring bent slightly when the pressure is given toostrong in winding on the wrong side is often done by forgetting whichway the watch winds.

Tn the drawing (l, the dial plate of the watch of any usual size orconstruction.

b, is the three quarter plate formed in such a manner as seen in dottedlines that it only serves to retain the spindle 3 of the barrel and thewinding part.

c, is a bridge plate let into a recess in the surface of the plate b,and secured thereto by screws 0, o. This plate carries the arbors 2, ofthe center, -t of the second. and 5, of the third wheels, so that theremoval of the screws 0, 0, 0, permits the center second and thirdwheels` to be removed without disturbing the spring barrel. In order toattach the three quarter plate b, I provide columns l, l, see sectionFig. 2 riveted into the three quarter plate and passing into holes inthe dial plate t at which point screws 2, 2. with large and thick headsand passing into the columns secure them and the three quarter platepermanently in place, thus leaving a smooth surface around the outsideof the three quarter plate for the engraving of the description of thewatch. The edge of the bridge plate c, is removed as at z', to furnishfacilities for access to the first second and third wheels and pinions;and the said bridge plate is also formed as a curve from the center G ofthe balance and divided into an index S, for the regulator arm 7, of thebalance.

It will be seen in Fig. 2 that the bridge plate c rises above the threequarter plate hence giving more room for the wheels and length to thearbors and pinions as also a longer hole for the pivot of the centerwheel with a deeper cup for retaining oil longer in a liquid state, itgives also more room for the balance to turn free between the dial plateand the center' wheel, and by making the balance bridge to a level withthe three quarter plate it leaves room for the cap jewels and regulator,thus protecting the balance staH and jewels in case of a pressure on thecap, as it would press on the bridge plate irst before pressing on thebalance bridge.

Z is the main spring ratchet which is made so large in diameter as tocome near the edge of the center .wheel and sunk under and between thetwo plates as will be seen by dotted marks lt, in the bridge plate c.

e is the click spring attached with screw f, on the three quarter plateb and covered by the bridge plate o, being in a sunken place therein theshape of the spring e being a concentric curve of the plate and beingleft thicker at the point g, and playing in a cut place through thethree quarter plate and resting against the side of said cut, when theratchet presses on the point g. It will be observed that as the pressureincreases, as when turned on the wrong side, the click spring e willbend in the middle part of its curve, thus preventing the breaking ofthe ratchet teeth.

In those watches that have a detached center bridge plate the same ismade with the curves z' and index 8 for the regulator indentically thesame as the plate c as Seen in Fig 3' .wie

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent isl.Constructing the bridge or plate C with the curve z' and index 8, forthe purposes and as specied.

2. I claim constructing the bridge plate c separately from but screwedto the three quarter plate for giving access to the center second andthird wheels without removing said three quarter plate as abovedescribed and shown.

3. I claim attaching the three quarter plate Z) to the dial plate a byriveting the columns l, to the plate and inserting the screws 2 at thedial plate a for the purposes and as set forth.

4. I claim constructing the click spring e as specified for preventingthe ratchet teeth being broken as above specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this eleventh day ofMay 1859.

CHAS. E. JACOT.

IVitnesses THEO. S. FAY, SAM. I. HUBER.

